HyPM: Hybrid Performance Monitoring for Low-Power Wireless Networks

Fabian Graf, Esteban Norena Arroyave, Thomas Watteyne, Michael Villnow

IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC), Bologna, Italy, 2-5 July 2025

Abstract: Low-power wireless networks are increasingly deployed in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) environments to ensure reliable and secure operation of machinery. One of the key requirements for these networks is reliability, which hinges on the ability to continuously assess the network’s health – a challenge addressed by Application Performance Monitoring (APM). Within APM, transmitting performance metrics, particularly in low-power networks, must be efficient to preserve battery life. This paper addresses various APM approaches, including In-band Network Telemetry (INT), which leverages multi-hop topologies to append telemetry data to existing packets. We propose HyPM, a novel hybrid method that combines active monitoring with INT to meet user requirements for telemetry scope and frequency while improving energy efficiency by 31%. Simulations in the Contiki-NG network simulator demonstrate the superiority of HyPM in balancing energy consumption and data reporting accuracy.